Journal: Current Research in Microbial Sciences

Article Title: The glutathione pathway is required for biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii

doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2026.100562

Figure Lengend Snippet: Growth rates of A. baumannii gsh mutant strains in liquid tryptic soy broth media. Strains were grown in triplicate in 10 mL media in 50 mL conical tubes. Logarithmically growing cultures were diluted to 0.05 OD 600 in TSB and incubated at 37 °C with shaking. Aliquots were taken at specific timepoints and (a) OD 600 and (b) CFUs were determined; wildtype (black solid line, closed square), WTev (black dashed line, open square), gshA − ( red solid line, closed square), gshA-C (red dashed line, open square), gshB − (blue solid line, closed square), gshB-C (blue dashed line, open square). Error bars indicate standard deviation calculated from three independent biological replicates at each timepoint.

Article Snippet: Upregulation of the phenylacetate (PAA) catabolic pathway aligns with reduced virulence observed in ATCC 17978 gshA mutant strains in the Galleria mellonella infection model.

Techniques: Mutagenesis, Incubation, Standard Deviation

Journal: Current Research in Microbial Sciences

Article Title: The glutathione pathway is required for biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii

doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2026.100562

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biofilm formation in A. baumannii gsh and gsnoR mutant strains. (a) Biofilm dry weight assay in tryptic soy broth, (b) biofilm optical density assay in tryptic soy broth, (c) biofilm optical density assay in LB. A. baumannii gshA, gshB, gsnoR1 , and gsnoR2 mutant, complemented, and isogenic wildtype strains were examined. The assay was performed with three independent biological replicates, each with two technical replicates. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired Student’s t -test. P -values are indicated as * = 0.05, ** = 0.01, *** = 0.001, **** = 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Upregulation of the phenylacetate (PAA) catabolic pathway aligns with reduced virulence observed in ATCC 17978 gshA mutant strains in the Galleria mellonella infection model.

Techniques: Mutagenesis

Journal: Current Research in Microbial Sciences

Article Title: The glutathione pathway is required for biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii

doi: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2026.100562

Figure Lengend Snippet: Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) analysis of biofilms. (a) Top-views (upper) and side-views (lower) CSLM images of representative biofilms formed by A. baumannii strains: WT, WTev, gshA − , gshA-C, gshB − , gshB-C, gsnoR1 − , gsnoR1-C, gsnoR2 − , and gsnoR2-C. Biofilms were grown in tryptic soy broth in 12-well plates, stained with Syto13 nucleic acid stain, and imaged using a Zeiss LSM 880 confocal microscope using a 488/561 nm diode laser. Z-stacks were acquired at 652 × 652 pixels with 0.5 μm intervals using a 40× water-dipping objective. Images were processed in ImageJ using the "Project Stacks" function to generate top and side views. Scale bars = 25 μm. (b) The area of clumping (µm²) of the strains. Aggregate areas were quantified from the CSLM images by selecting three clumped aggregates from three independent fields of view per strain. The gshA − mutant formed significantly larger aggregates compared to the WT and its complemented strain. Data plotted represents mean aggregate area, and error bars indicate standard deviation. Statistical analysis comparing each mutant strain to its respective complemented strain is shown and was performed by one-way ANOVA. ns, not significant; **** P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Upregulation of the phenylacetate (PAA) catabolic pathway aligns with reduced virulence observed in ATCC 17978 gshA mutant strains in the Galleria mellonella infection model.

Techniques: Microscopy, Staining, Mutagenesis, Standard Deviation

Journal: mSphere

Article Title: Genomic and phenotypic analysis of ST25 A. baumannii identifies virulence-associated clades and capsular/outer core locus types

doi: 10.1128/msphere.00717-25

Figure Lengend Snippet: Serum resistance of ST25 A. baumannii , ST2 ACICU, ST1 AYE, and ST52 ATCC 19606. The viable cells (CFU/mL) were determined for each isolate following a 5- to 60-min incubation in 20% activated serum and normalized using values obtained from incubation with heat-inactivated. The data were obtained from three independent experiments in which each isolate was tested in triplicate. *** P -values <0.001.

Article Snippet: To investigate the contribution of EPs to desiccation survival in A. baumannii , the ability of ATCC 19606 A. baumannii and ATCC 19606 EPs mutant strains to survive under desiccating conditions was investigated.

Techniques: Incubation